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a list of closed eye varieties

I would like your help in creating a list of closed eye varieties.

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Oh, I'm going to be watching this thread closely and taking lots of notes.

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Can't help, but this will be a good one for me down here in FL.
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Bass,

What is your definition of a closed eye? Do you consider those that produce a drop of honey thereby blocking the ostiole, a closed eye? Do your really want a fully closed eye, no drop of honey?

I looked at my fig images and they are all slightly open to wide open. Hope to have more fruiting this summer and more to contribute at that time.

Sue
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Maybe ,possible but they could be different,it will take me more time to answer this question,for sure.
Green Ischia is also good in rain and cold resistant,comparable to Verte,Bataglia green,Strawberry.
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I want to revive this thread because I am looking for next years cuttings which must be closed eye (or closed with honey) for down here in the South.   Doing my research in these dog days of summer.

Here is what I have so far that are either closed eyed, closed with honey drop or have solid interiors.

Abebereira - tight closed eye
Aberdin- drop of honey
Alma -closed with resin
Aranim-Amellal= closed (Smyrna type)
Atreano - solid interior
Avouzegar- closed (Smyrna type)
Bataglia
Beall
Bebera Preta (Abebereira) - tight closed eye
Bellona (syns: Bellone, Belloune, Ficus carica bellona Risso)- closed
Black Celeste - closed eye
Black Madiera - closed eye
Black Mission - closed eye
Black Weeping - closed eye
Bou-Ang- closed (Smyrna type)
Castagnolo- closed
Cajun Honey - closed with resin
Calvert
Capital Long
Celeste - closed eye
Col De Dame White - small tight eye
Conadria - small tight eye
Cuore (syns. Rubado, Roubauda Blanca, Arbauda, Corazón, Ficus carica richardia Risso)- closed by drop
Dark Portuguese - closed eye
Datte Quotidienne- closed
Dattero (syns. Donicale of Pistoia, Bezzoso of Lunigiana, Cortese of Liguria, Coasca of Riviera di Ponente, Vezzoso at Piacentino—all according to Gallesio; Rolandine, Rolandine Blanche, Briasca of Grasse, Blanchette, Ficus carica rolandina Risso, Ficus polymorpha var. elegans Gasparrini)- closed
DFIC 17 - solid interior
Djaferi- closed (Smyrna type)
D’Or de Laura- closed
English Brown Turkey - solid interior

Excel - medium, tight eye
Galbun - closed eye
Gene's - solid interior
Giant Celeste/Tiger - partially closed
Gino's - closed eye
GM1 -  closed eye
Golden Celeste - partially closed
Gota de Mel (syn. Gota de Goma)- drop of honey
Green Ischia - closed eye
Grosse Jaune (syns. Aubico Blanco, Aubique Blanche, Tapa Cartin, Ficus carica monstrosa Risso)- closed
Guilbeau - solid interior
Hardy Chicago - solid interior
Hdadi- closed
Hmari- closed
Hunt - closed eye
Italian Honey - closed with thick honey
Kadota
Khadir- closed (Smyrna type)
Longue d’Août (long of August)- main crop closed
LSU Gold - closed with resin
LSU Improved Celeste - partially closed
LSU Late Black - solid interior
LSU Purple - closed eye
LSU Scott's Black - closed eye
Madoui- closed (Smyrna type)
Malta Black
Maltese Falcon
Marseilles VS Black - solid interior
Marseillaise Black (syns. Black Marseilles, Marseillaise Negra, Black Provence, Ficus carica phoceana Risso, according to Sauvaigo)-closed
Moscatel Bianco (syn. Pingo de Mel)- small eye,honey drop
Negrette (syns. Negretta, Rock Fig, Ficus carica nigra Risso)- closed
O'Rourke - partially closed
Panache - closed
Paradiso - solid interior
Pecciolo Bianco- closed
Pecciolo Nero- closed
Peconjudo (syns. Pédonculée; Peconjude Grisé’; Peconjano; Pecouliano; Ficus carica longicaudata Risso, according to Eisen)- closed
Perroquine (syns. Perruquière, Violette Perruquine, Argusela, Douqueira, Douqueira Negra, Peroquina, Monginenco ["in the vicinity of Grasse”], Ficus carica nicaeensis Risso)- closed
Peter's Honey - closed with honey
Portland 4 - closed eye
Rixford- drop of honey (Smyrna type)
Rherabi (syn. Corbeau)- closed (Smyrna type)
Rose Noire (syns. Cuou de Muelo, Rolandine Noire, Ficus carica rosa nigra Risso)- closed
Rougette- closed
Sal's - solid interior
Seirolles (syns. Seirola, Seyroles, Sirore, Ficus carica seirola Risso)- closed
St. Domingo- closed
St Jerome - closed eye
Stella - solid interior
Strawberry Verte - closed eye
Sukkari- closed
Sultane (syn. Grosse de Juillet)- closed
Sweet George - solid interior
Tacoma Violette- solid interior
Tena - medium tight eye
Texas Everbearing - moderately closed small eye
Verte - solid interior
Vista - closed
Violette - solid interior
Weeping - solid interior
White Adriatic - closed eye
White Triana
Zimitza- closed
135-15s - closed eye
143-36 - closed eye



I'll be glad to continue to update the list just let me know what I need to add.
If I have have something wrong, please let me know what I need to delete.
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Cathy,

Here are some from Condit's monograph-

SMYRNA-TYPES:


Aranim-Amellal= closed
Djaferi- closed
Khadir- closed
Madoui- closed
Rixford- drop of honey
Avouzegar- closed
Bou-Ang- closed
Rherabi (syn. Corbeau)- closed

COMMON-TYPES:

Hdadi- closed
Seirolles (syns. Seirola, Seyroles, Sirore, Ficus carica seirola Risso)- closed
Aberdin- drop of honey

D’Or de Laura- closed
Gota de Mel (syn. Gota de Goma)- drop of honey
Grosse Jaune (syns. Aubico Blanco, Aubique Blanche, Tapa Cartin, Ficus carica monstrosa Risso)- closed

Moscatel Branco (syn. Pingo de Mel)- small eye,honey drop
Pecciolo Bianco- closed
Rougette- closed
Zimitza- closed
Bellona (syns: Bellone, Belloune, Ficus carica bellona Risso)- closed
Castagnolo- closed
Cuore (syns. Rubado, Roubauda Blanca, Arbauda, Corazón, Ficus carica richardia Risso)- closed by drop

Datte Quotidienne- closed
Dattero (syns. Donicale of Pistoia, Bezzoso of Lunigiana, Cortese of Liguria, Coasca of Riviera di Ponente, Vezzoso at Piacentino—all according to Gallesio; Rolandine, Rolandine Blanche, Briasca of Grasse, Blanchette, Ficus carica rolandina Risso, Ficus polymorpha var. elegans Gasparrini)- closed

Hmari- closed
Longue d’Août (long of August)- main crop closed
Marseillaise Black (syns. Black Marseilles, Marseillaise Negra, Black Provence, Ficus carica phoceana Risso, according to Sauvaigo)-closed

Negrette (syns. Negretta, Rock Fig, Ficus carica nigra Risso)- closed
Pecciolo Nero- closed
Peconjudo (syns. Pédonculée; Peconjude Grisé’; Peconjano; Pecouliano; Ficus carica longicaudata Risso, according to Eisen)- closed

Perroquine (syns. Perruquière, Violette Perruquine, Argusela, Douqueira, Douqueira Negra, Peroquina, Monginenco ["in the vicinity of Grasse”], Ficus carica nicaeensis Risso)- closed

Rose Noire (syns. Cuou de Muelo, Rolandine Noire, Ficus carica rosa nigra Risso)- closed

St. Domingo- closed
Sukkari- closed
Sultane (syn. Grosse de Juillet)- closed
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Cathy,


This is a subject matter that is at the center of my research activities. Below is some stuff that I've posted on the Garden Web fig forum that may be relevant to this thread.

Dan
Semper Fi-cus
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The eye of the fig is located at the apex of the fig. Its size has nothing to do with it being "open" or "closed". The size of an eye is determined by it's outward appearance on the fig's skin surface. It can be a small, medium, or large eye.

"Open or closed' is a reference to the condition of the eye's outside opening leading to the interior pulp of the fig. Both water and/or insects can move through a fig's opening and do some damage. Insects carry yeast organisms to the interior of a fig making it ferment and turn sour. Water that enters it will dilute the flavor of a fig and make it easier to ferment and/or split.

Some fig eyes are sealed with Resin (Alma). Honey and resin are not the same thing. Resin is not soluble in rain or water while honey is very soluble. So........resin sealed eyes block both water and insect entrance to the fig's sweet pulp.

Some fig eyes are sealed with thick honey (Italian Honey). Honey will block the entrance of fig souring insects and a tiny bit of water. Thick honey that blocks the entrance hole is so high in sugar content that it will not allow fermentation if visited by insects carrying yeast organisms.

However, honey is very soluble in water and once rain dilutes the honey it can then be attacked by yeast, fermented and turn sour. So..........open eyed honey sealed figs cannot take HEAVY rains. Heavy rains will dissolve the honey and make the opening available to those insects and further water entrance. Honey sealed open eyed figs do very well in dry climates and can take some light to medium rains in wetter areas.

A completely closed eyed fig is a very desirable characteristic for any fig growing in a hot, humid, rainy climate. However, resin and honey eye sealed figs can do quite well too....like LSU Gold for instance.

 

Dan
From Cajun Country

 

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FYI only...........Figs also have a "neck" and a "stem".....and they are not the same. The "neck" of a fig is the part between the main body of a fig and it's stem. Fig necks can be described as thick, long, tapering, no-neck, etc. A fig that is perfectly round will have "no-neck" to it.

The "stem" of a fig is the part between the fig's neck and where it attaches to the branch of the tree. Some stems can as long as 1 1/2 inches long and others are very very short. So............when reading descriptions and certain characteristics of fig stems and necks by knowledgable fig growers it is good to know they are describing two different parts of a fig.

 

Dan
Laissez les bon temps rouler........

 

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A bit more on other fig charcteristics...........

Another important characteristic of a fig is whether or not it has a void or "hollow" section inside of the fig. Open eyed figs which have a hollow section inside of the fig pulp, can and will house those nasty fruit souring insects.....this will cause fruit spoilage. Take a look at a cut Brunswick fig and you will see a classic example of an open eye, hollow pulp fig. Brunswick is notorious for not handling rain very well and/or going sour. Brunswick can be a real winner in drier climates yet perform poorly in wetter climates. An open eye fig with "Full" pulp is usually less prone to souring than a fig with "hollow" pulp.

So.........whether or not a fig has a hollow section or not in its pulp can play into how resistant a particular variety is to both rain (lost of flavor or splitting) and insects (souring).

Just so you know......a fig's pulp can be anywhere from very juicy (LSU Gold) to very dry (my strain of Hardy Chicago) and anywhere in between. Some people like juicy figs while others prefer their fig's pulp to be on the dry side.

Flavor.......flavor is not the same thing as sweetness. Sweetness is solely related to the sugar content of a fig. "Flavor", however, is related to the sugar to acid ratio of the fig juice and to the trace organic compounds contained in its pulp. These two parameters can give the fig a flavor similar to that of other fruit......strawberry, raspberry, mango, concord grape, peach, etc. Taste is a very personal thing and individual taste ratings will vary according to one's particular preference.......just like with wine preference.

Some figs have lots of seeds in them (Adriatics) while other have no noticeable seeds (Maryland Seedless). The seeds will not be fertile if taken from figs grown anywhere in the US but a certain area in California where the fig wasp lives. Fig wasps are those tiny insects that fertilize the female fig thus producing viable seeds. Some seeds add much flavor to a fig (Yellow Marseilles) while others add only a pleasant crunch with no added flavor from the seeds (Sal's,Dark Portuguese, Adriatic).

The meat of a fig is the part of a fig that lies between the outer skin of a fig and its internal pulp. The meat of a fig can be from thin to thick and its texture can vary quite a bit. The characteristics of a fig's meat seems to be what determines whether or not a fig will split under certain conditions. Fig varieties that "color stain" the meat of its fig seem to be the better tasting cultivars......I will closely watch this latter fruiting characteristic in my fig trials next year.....

Dan
Way down yonder near New Orleeeeens

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Dan--Great info! Thanks for posting it. I assume no closed-eye figs need the fig wasp, since it wouldn't be able to get inside?


Cathy--Great list! I think Kadota belongs there as well.
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One of the Best from Madeira Island is the Bêbera Preta AKA "Abebereira" very very good flavour and tight closed eye. There are two strains in Madeira a large and small the small tastes even better its labeled as Berbera on jons varietal page.

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  • JD

Thanks for bumping this thread. Good info.

Cathy,
For clarity and completeness, will you please confirm the following?

Gino's = Gino's Black
Gene's = Gene's Sal's (which is supposed to be Sal's EL, right?)
Late Black = LSU Late Black
Scott's Black = LSU Scott's Black
Sal's = ???
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Originally Posted by JD
Gene's Sal's (which is supposed to be Sal's EL, right?)


Yes.

Three Sal's, two of which are the same:  Sal's EL (Edible Landscaping) is same as Sal's (Gene's). Then there is Sal's (Corleone). 

Of course, apparently EL doesn't sell Sal's anymore, they swore it's the same tree as Hardy Chicago, so it's possible they are badging Sal's EL as a Hardy Chicago now, or that their Hardy Chicago is actually a Sal's EL ;)  I have one of Gene's version (the original EL), and a couple Corleones from two or three diff't sources.

Many thanks to Edible Landscaping for making an already confusing fig variety exponentially more confusing ;)
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Ken,

Smyrna-type figs require pollination.
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Nelson, those closed eyed black figs look awesome!! I'm sure they would be a killer fig way down here in rainy South Louisisana. They have been added to my wish list. Thanks for posting those pictures......

Dan
Semper F-cus
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Dan they are great figs and should do really well in the south. I was lucky to obtain cuttings of two different strains from my hometown in Madeira Island hopefully atleast one will ripen figs this year will post pics if they do. These pics were taken by friend of mine who lives in Madeira Isl.
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  • JD

Nelson, Jon, and Sue,

Can you (or anyone else) confirm this?

* Bêbera Preta is known as Abebereira. There is a large and small variety. Does the large variety reside in Point Loma, San Diego, CA? along with
* Bêbera Branca is known as "Branca" and
* Fico Preto is known as "Preto"
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Woo Hoo!

I do have a young Abebereira (thanks to a good  FF member).
It has not fruited yet, looking forward to see fruit
good looking similar to  Nelson's (Abe) pics...
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So how does the wasp get inside a closed-eye, Smyrna-type fig? Is the eye more open prior to pollination?
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Originally Posted by JD
Nelson, Jon, and Sue,

Can you (or anyone else) confirm this?

* Bêbera Preta is known as Abebereira. There is a large and small variety. Does the large variety reside in Point Loma, San Diego, CA? along with
* Bêbera Branca is known as "Branca" and
* Fico Preto is known as "Preto"


JD, pics I posted is of what they call Bêbera Preta "grande" meaning large the same as the fig Sue found in Point Loma. The Bebera Preta small is like the pics Jon has listed on the varietal page as berbera. And yes it is an Abebereira im not sure when they stoped using the term Abebereira in Madeira island but it is rarely used.

Branca from point loma is also know as figo branco or simply Branca in Madeira. Bebera Branca is a different fig altogether it has the same shape as the abebereira but its a white fig. Last year I sent pictures of sues website to the university of Algarve in portugal they mentioned it resembled the variety known as " Real" I do have the picture they sent me somewhere on my computer that I can post tomorrow.

Preto or figo preto is correct. Both terms are used and this fig was very popular on the northern coast of the island where it is cooler.

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Correct, Ken.

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  • JD

Thanks Nelson.
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Cathy, my experience with Excel for the last two years has shown it to be an open eye fig with a tendency to sour after just a little rain.  During dry periods, it is an excellent fig.
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Even a "closed" eye is not truly closed.  This was something discussed on the Queen of Trees documentary, the eyes of even the closed sycamore fig are a) extremely small and b) only slightly open for a short period of time.
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JD - I wish I could go back and see where I read about Gino's, Gene's, Late Black, Scott's Black or Sals but unfortunately I only wrote the notes so I really can't answer your question about being more specific on the names.  Hope others who have experience with these will be able to add something.

Sirlampsalot - I removed Excel - Don't want to pass on incorrect information.
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JD,
I finally found where I read about Gino's and Scott Black being closed eye varieties. 

Please see the post from Herman2 posted on March 31

http://forums.gardenweb.com/forums/load/fig/msg031900506963.html
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