Hi Steve-
Just saw your new posting. I hope these suggestions will help you.
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Tree should be healthy, growing, and should be in full leaf...
First, when using these propagator "balls", I twist-tie the upper and lower holes on one side, so that the ball opens like a clam shell, or book. Then I fill both halves of the ball with moistened potting mix. If the mix is too heavy lighten it with some Pearl-Lite. If you lightly press the dampened mix into both halves it will stay in position as you clamp the prop. balls around the stem that you want to air layer. You can also use these compressed discs of peat moss that are sold in garden centers, and place a few inside the prop ball. When the disc are moistened, they will expand. Either, or......it's your choice.
By sure to securely wire/tie the prepared, prop. balls to the stem so that the ball cannot spin around the stem, or slide up or down from the original position, or it can strip the newly forming roots off the stem. I then twist tie a plastic bag around the whole set up. You can also wrap the prop. balls in aluminum foil. The dampened mix inside the propagator ball can be re-moistened by directing the stream from a spay bottle into the top opening. No need to waterlog the growing mix....just keep it slightly damp. The plastic bag/foil around the whole set up helps prevent rain water from waterlogging the prop. balls. Make sure extra water can drain out from the foil/plastic bags, or your air-layers can get swamped.
Keeping the weather and temperatures in mind, I usually leave the prop balls on the stems for about 6-8 weeks or longer. There really is no good way of checking for root development, unfortunately. However after 6-8 weeks, I'm sure that the air-layers will be ready to be cut off the original tree. (It's too bad the prop balls were not made with a clear area so that root development could be viewed, and checked. At least soda bottles will allow viewing root development....but the prop. balls are more convenient to use).
When potting up your new air layers, be careful of the tender roots. The prop ball should slip off the compacted root-ball. Now you could just plug the whole root ball and new tree into a 3-5 gallon container of mix, and you're on your way. By using a larger capacity container, you will not have to disturb the roots on your new tree for a few years. Take precautions, and protect the young trees from freezing weather for the first 3-4 years after severance from parent tree.
Good luck with your air-layering endeavors. Maybe some others will add suggestions.
Frank