My cup stage is done the minute I see roots on a cutting. If the roots are tangled in the sphagnum, I don't worry. I plant the sphagnum along with the roots. I figure they will sort it out! I fill the cup 1/4 full with DAMP peat/perlite, then hold the cutting in the middle, and fill the rest of the bottom cup. Then I place the top clear cup over that and secure with masking tape. The cups have holes for drainage and air. Since roots like it dark, I put foil around the bottom cup or stick the entire thing in another opaque cup. Mine look like this.

Suzi
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