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Pruning lessons

I need some help I've never pruned any tree before I need some help removing a branch from my apple tree in the picture of the close up I want to cut the one on the left side off all tips and tricks will be appreciated and also what should I cut it with. Thanks

Here's the pictures the branches are in the center of the top of the tree I don't want it to get top heavy and snap off in wind.

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You should make the cut where I have drawn.  You can either use some bypass loppers or a pruning saw.  You can also use a regular cross cut hand saw if that is all you have.  If you use loppers, be very careful to not cut into the branch you want to keep.  This means you will need to cut out near the tip of the cutter, and that in turn means the force you will have to apply to the loppers will be high.  I can't really tell how large diameter that branch is but based on the webbing, I am guessing 3/4 inch to an inch.  I would probably use a saw.  One trick is to cut the branch off maybe a foot farther away than you want the final cut, and then cut it again where you really want the cut.  Doing that lets you get most of the weight off and if the bark peels off some on the first cut, it won't matter.  Then when you make the second cut it is easier to get a really clean cut because the saw won't bind and the falling branch wont tear any bark.  You are going to need to cut from the low outside of that crotch in and up for the final cut.

If you have a pruning saw, use it.  You pull that towards you to cut and it is a lot easier than a regular cross cut hand saw.

In the future, try not to let two branches grow with such a small angle in the crotch.  It makes for very weak crotches and when the branches get large, they can even push against each other and the crotch can split.

The best thing is when new branches start, you can tie them with strings  to stakes or other branches to get them to grow in the direction you want.

Looking at that tree, a lot of the branches look too long and spindly.  I would cut maybe a quarter to a third from the more spindly ones.  That will also help the trunk and roots grow more and make the tree more sturdy.

Lastly, that tree is planted very close to the fence.  You should not let the tree grow very large on the side opposite the fence or it will not be balanced over the trunk and roots.  You are going to need to grow the tree with a fan shape.  wide along the fence and narrow going towards and away from the fence.

Look up "espalier apple"  You don't have to go to that extreme, but maybe halfway between a round tree and the espalier would work.  There are not a lot of absolutes.

The main thing is have fun and enjoy the apples when it starts to produce.



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Okay thank you so much this is all the information I needed and yes I will be cutting off much of the branches of the tree because it's scraping against the fence and it makes a squeaky notice that bugs my dog. Thanks :)

Wait will making a rough cut on the tree then cleaning it up with a box cutter blade work? I don't have a pruning saw or shears that are sharp enough

As stated above, "One trick is to cut the branch off maybe a foot farther away than you want the final cut, and then cut it again where you really want the cut. Doing that lets you get most of the weight off and if the bark peels off some on the first cut, it won't matter. Then when you make the second cut it is easier to get a really clean cut because the saw won't bind and the falling branch wont tear any bark. You are going to need to cut from the low outside of that crotch in and up for the final cut."

This is what I would do. Get a helper to hold the branch applying just enough pressure toward the center to keep a cutting blade from binding while you cut from the bottom. You can use a sawsall, riciprocating saw, sabre saw, jig saw, hack say, pruning saw, hand saw, back saw, looping shears, etc.

I agree with Jerry, use some kind of saw.  What cutting tools do you have available?  I would not think you could do a very good job with a box cutter.  The wood under the bark will be hard.  You want to end up with a flat cut so the wound can heal quickly.

No worries guys just went and picked up a decent hacksaw (type for metal) and planing to cut the branch down. when should I cut it like weather wise and how long do you feel it would take for such a cut to heal the branch is about 3/4 - an inch in diameter.

Cut it anytime.  Remember to cut above the collar.  If you got several blades with your hacksaw, use the one with the coarsest teeth, it will work the best on wood.  It will take several years to completely callus over and be healed.  You will probably get a bunch of small shoots growing around where you cut the branch off.  Just keep removing them with hand pruners.

Wash your hands afterwards. Many people find fig sap very irritating to their skin.

...and the cuts never heal; They just get compartmentalized by new growth.

I was asking hiw long till the cut will like have less risk of getting infected. And also what weather should I wait for I'm guessing a couple days of consecutive hot and dry weather.

I would go ahead and prune the tree now.  My apples were done a month ago.  Certain trees like plums, get infected easily and you want to wait until the tree starts to bud out before pruning, but apples are usually done when fully dormant.  I have never had any kind of infection take hold from pruning my apple trees.  The only thing to worry about is if you pruned a diseased tree, then you should disinfect your tools with a bleach solution before pruning a healthy tree.  Maybe with fig trees you should disinfect between trees to prevent spreading FMV, but I have not ever worried about it.  I would say that after you prune the tree and it starts actively growing and you see the wound starting to callus over, then you are safe.  One thing you do need to watch is don't make a perfectly horizontal cut on a large branch.  If you do, then water can collect there especially once the callus starts forming.  That pool of water could rot the branch.

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