I didn't realize that the garden hose was not bypassing the water softener, so I've basically been watering my new fig trees with SALT WATER!!!  Are they gonna be ok?  Also, is this why the leaves of my White Triana are getting rust colored veins, turning yellow and then falling off?    

I am getting so neurotic about these fig trees!  I am going to try to limit myself to one neurotic post per day.

The plumber who did that needs to be slapped, charged for the repairs and the replacment of everything you water outside!!! 

The hose bibs never every, ever get water from the softener period the end over!!!

I would bypass that ASAP!

My outside faucet bypasses the water softener for sure. Until your repairs are done, try to collect rain water.

  ...On the other hand, if you added some ground black pepper and garlic to the garden watering regimen, just think of the savory veggies that might flow from the beds this year! 

If possible I would by-pass the water softener and flush out the salt water from all the pots.

I agree with Shailesh, the amount of sodium in the water is relatively minor and shouldn't be a problem for your plants.  Just switch over to another water source when you can.