I agree with Jon on this one. I'm no scientist, but I think it makes sense--at least conceptually--from a biological perspective. Like any organism, a fig tree is on a mission to reproduce so that its genes may survive to the next generation. With the goal of reproducing as much as possible, a fig tree makes what are essentially economic choices based on the environmental situation in which it finds itself.
Given proper light, water, and soil, a young fig tree will develop a surplus of energy. It then has to choose between two options--1) invest in extra foliage, which will allow it to produce more seeds over the long term; or 2) invest in heavier fruit production now, which will reduce its capacity to produce seeds over the long term to some degree, but which will ensure that some genetic material survives to the next generation.
For a tree planted in the ground, conditions are more or less ideal. There is no artificial limit to how big it can grow or how long it can live. It makes sense for the tree to employ a long-term strategy in producing seeds. So it invests its surplus energy in foliage.
For a tree in a pot, the conditions are less ideal. First, the amount of soil that can be converted into tree is limited. Second, the pot limits the size of the tree's root system. If the tree grows too big, the undersized root system will not be able to support the oversized tree. That situation is especially bad since a fig tree needs to put on new growth to produce fruit. The pot limits not just the potential size of the tree but also the number of seasons the tree will be able to produce fruit. A tree can optimize its reproductive chances by staying smaller and producing more fruit in the short term. So, for a tree in a pot, it makes more sense to invest more heavily in fruit production than foliage production.
I've seen this with tomatoes. If you've ever had more tomato seedlings than you could plant or give away, you probably have, too. If you leave a tomato plant in its plastic seedling pack, at some point the plant stops putting on foliage and starts putting on flowers and fruit. The plant recognizes that conditions aren't ideal, so it stays small and speeds up its reproductive cycle to make sure that at least some seeds can be produced.