Until this year I only had one fig tree...Hardy Chicago... and it got planted in it's pot right beside my house.

I have made 3 cuttings off it and also purchased a Desert King this spring. These 4 plants I put in my veggie garden because that area of my yard gets more sun.

Well since the fall weather has arrived and we have had a few frosts all three of my 3 feet tall cutting HC trees as well as my DK tree have all been nipped by frost but my 3 year old HC right beside my house is still growing perfectly with no frost damage at all.

So my question to those with more experience then I is this. In your experiences is my 3 year old tree that has not been affected by frost still looking good because of the micro climate close to my house or is it because it is a 3 year old tree and the others are all "new" trees. Or is it a little of both?

I'm trying to determine the best spot for all 5 trees next year and have made a bed near my veggie garden... but seeing the frost damage has made me think a bigger bed where the one tree is already doing well beside the house is a better idea.

Your thoughts and experiences would be appreciated.

It could be both in case of HC.

However if you do some search on dormancy in the forum posts, you will see many post where young plants are stubbornly keep the leaves while the mature one are close to shedding or are already shedding. I had similar experience last year.
I am zone 5a and had a couple of nights at -2c but it did not do any expediting of leaves dropping.
Proximity to the house will surely help it keep the leaves longer.

Active growth due to watering and late fertilization also change the pattern for dormancy as well as lignification of the wood.

Both and.  Older trees are more cold tolerant, though 3 is not a lot more than 1. Trees planted next to heat sinks, such as houses and boulders enjoy the radiant at night, esp is they are south or west facing and get good heat gain during the day. You can put a thermometer at each location and check it out for yourself.

If the house is stone or brick that will absorb heat during the day and release the heat at night.

my trees are in the pots now, all looks ok but stops growth for a month or so.
I am thinking of moving them back to garage next weekend or so to protect them in newspaper, soil and used clothes. 

healthier and larger trees will be cold resistant for sure.